# Care Delivery Glossary

> 40 terms from the Health Tech book's Care Delivery part, each defined in a line and linked to the chapter that explains it.

- **340B:** the federal program requiring manufacturers to sell covered outpatient drugs to qualifying hospitals and clinics at or below a ceiling price, with bans on duplicate Medicaid discounts and diversion ([Hospitals & Health Systems](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/hospitals-and-health-systems#340b)).
- **Accession number:** the performing lab's or imaging center's own number for an order once it receives the specimen or performs the study ([Labs, Imaging & Diagnostics](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/labs-and-diagnostics#the-order-to-result-loop)).
- **ADT (admit, discharge, transfer):** the stream of registration and patient movement events a hospital's departmental systems subscribe to, usually HL7 v2 ([Hospitals & Health Systems](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/hospitals-and-health-systems#adt-the-hospital-s-event-stream)).
- **Asynchronous care (store and forward):** a questionnaire, photo or message reviewed by a clinician later rather than in a live visit ([Telehealth](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/telehealth#modalities-and-what-each-records)).
- **Audio-only telehealth:** a phone call accepted as a visit under a payer's telehealth rules ([Telehealth](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/telehealth#modalities-and-what-each-records)).
- **CCM (chronic care management):** monthly Medicare-paid care coordination between visits, billed by staff or practitioner time against a consented care plan ([Referrals & Care Coordination](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/referrals-and-care-coordination#care-management-programs)).
- **CDS (clinical decision support):** software that gives a clinician a recommendation, alert or score; excluded from the device definition only when it meets section 520(o)(1)(E)'s criteria ([Digital Health Apps & Devices](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/digital-health-and-devices#clinical-decision-support)).
- **CLIA (Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments):** the federal certification every lab testing human specimens needs, from a certificate of waiver to accreditation, with rules on report contents and critical values ([Labs, Imaging & Diagnostics](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/labs-and-diagnostics#clia)).
- **Closed-loop referral:** a referral tracked from order through scheduling and visit until the consult report comes back to the sender ([Referrals & Care Coordination](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/referrals-and-care-coordination#the-referral-loop)).
- **Compendium:** a lab's catalog of orderable tests with codes, specimen requirements and ask-at-order-entry questions, versioned per lab ([Labs, Imaging & Diagnostics](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/labs-and-diagnostics#how-labs-connect)).
- **Compounding (503A, 503B):** a pharmacy (503A) or registered outsourcing facility (503B) preparing a drug rather than dispensing a manufactured product ([E-Prescribing & Pharmacy](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/e-prescribing#compounding-and-the-glp-1-era)).
- **Critical value:** a result indicating an imminently life-threatening condition, which the lab must report immediately and the practice must route to a clinician who acts ([Labs, Imaging & Diagnostics](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/labs-and-diagnostics#critical-values)).
- **Digital therapeutic:** software that is itself the treatment, often an FDA-authorized prescription device ([Digital Health Apps & Devices](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/digital-health-and-devices#digital-therapeutics-and-how-they-get-paid)).
- **Direct secure messaging:** certificate-secured email for health care between Direct addresses through accredited HISPs ([Referrals & Care Coordination](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/referrals-and-care-coordination#direct-messaging)).
- **DTC telehealth (direct to consumer):** cash-pay, usually subscription treatment sold online, with physician-owned medical groups and often the company's own pharmacy ([Telehealth](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/telehealth#direct-to-consumer-telehealth)).
- **E-visit:** a patient-initiated portal exchange billed as online evaluation and management by cumulative time over 7 days (99421 to 99423) ([Patient Portals & Patient Access Apps](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/patient-portals-and-access#portal-messaging-and-e-visits)).
- **EMTALA (Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act):** the law requiring hospital EDs to screen and stabilize anyone who comes, regardless of ability to pay, without delaying for payment or insurance questions ([Hospitals & Health Systems](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/hospitals-and-health-systems#emtala)).
- **EPCS (electronic prescribing of controlled substances):** DEA's rules for e-prescribing Schedules II to V: identity proofing, two-factor signing, two-person access control and audited applications; mandatory for Part D at 70% ([E-Prescribing & Pharmacy](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/e-prescribing#epcs-controlled-substances)).
- **General wellness product:** a low-risk product for maintaining a healthy lifestyle that FDA doesn't regulate as a device, under its January 2026 guidance ([Digital Health Apps & Devices](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/digital-health-and-devices#wellness-or-medical-device)).
- **HBNR (Health Breach Notification Rule):** the FTC rule requiring health apps and personal health record vendors outside HIPAA to notify people of breaches, including unauthorized disclosures ([Digital Health Apps & Devices](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/digital-health-and-devices#the-ftc-health-breach-notification-rule)).
- **Hospital at home:** inpatient-level care delivered in the patient's home under Medicare's Acute Hospital Care at Home waiver, extended to September 30, 2030 ([Hospitals & Health Systems](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/hospitals-and-health-systems#inpatient-ambulatory-and-hospital-at-home)).
- **IMLC (Interstate Medical Licensure Compact):** an expedited pathway for physicians to separate full licenses in member states ([Telehealth](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/telehealth#licensure-and-the-compacts)).
- **Information blocking (results release):** under the Cures Act, delaying results or notes to patients without an exception, such as a blanket hold for clinician review ([Labs, Imaging & Diagnostics](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/labs-and-diagnostics#results-release-under-cures)).
- **NCPDP SCRIPT:** the standard for prescription messages between prescribers and pharmacies; versions 2017071 and 2023011 coexist until January 1, 2028 ([E-Prescribing & Pharmacy](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/e-prescribing#the-script-transactions)).
- **NCPDP Telecommunication Standard:** the HIPAA standard for real-time pharmacy claims, version D.0 moving to F6 on August 14, 2027 ([E-Prescribing & Pharmacy](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/e-prescribing#pharmacy-systems-and-claims)).
- **NLC (Nurse Licensure Compact):** one multistate nursing license with the privilege to practice in member states ([Telehealth](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/telehealth#licensure-and-the-compacts)).
- **Observation status:** an outpatient stay in a hospital bed, paid under the outpatient system even overnight ([Hospitals & Health Systems](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/hospitals-and-health-systems#inpatient-ambulatory-and-hospital-at-home)).
- **Patient Access API:** the FHIR API CMS requires impacted payers to offer members for claims, clinical and, from 2027, prior authorization data ([Patient Portals & Patient Access Apps](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/patient-portals-and-access#the-payer-patient-access-api)).
- **PCCP (predetermined change control plan):** FDA authorization in advance for planned changes to an AI-enabled device ([Digital Health Apps & Devices](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/digital-health-and-devices#fda-s-rules-for-software-that-is-a-device)).
- **PDMP (prescription drug monitoring program):** a state database of controlled-substance dispensing that prescribers and pharmacists query ([E-Prescribing & Pharmacy](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/e-prescribing#prescription-drug-monitoring-programs)).
- **Placer and filler numbers:** the ordering system's and the performing system's identifiers for the same order ([Labs, Imaging & Diagnostics](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/labs-and-diagnostics#the-order-to-result-loop)).
- **Price transparency file:** a hospital's machine-readable file of gross, cash and negotiated charges in CMS's template, attested from 2026 ([Hospitals & Health Systems](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/hospitals-and-health-systems#hospital-price-transparency)).
- **Proxy access:** one person using a portal for another, by their own login and a scoped grant ([Patient Portals & Patient Access Apps](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/patient-portals-and-access#proxy-access)).
- **PSYPACT:** the compact giving psychologists authority for interjurisdictional telepsychology (APIT) and a temporary authorization to practice (TAP) ([Telehealth](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/telehealth#licensure-and-the-compacts)).
- **RPM and RTM (remote physiologic and therapeutic monitoring):** monthly Medicare services built from device data days and management time, not telehealth visits ([Telehealth](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/telehealth#remote-patient-and-therapeutic-monitoring)).
- **Ryan Haight Act:** the 2008 law requiring an in-person evaluation before prescribing controlled substances over the internet, waived by DEA's telemedicine flexibilities through December 31, 2026 ([E-Prescribing & Pharmacy](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/e-prescribing#dea-telemedicine-prescribing-status)).
- **SaMD (software as a medical device):** software intended to diagnose, treat, mitigate or prevent disease, regulated by FDA as a device ([Digital Health Apps & Devices](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/digital-health-and-devices#fda-s-rules-for-software-that-is-a-device)).
- **Surescripts:** the national network carrying e-prescriptions, medication history and benefit checks between prescribers and pharmacies ([E-Prescribing & Pharmacy](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/e-prescribing#how-the-platforms-do-it)).
- **TCM (transitional care management):** post-discharge care paid once per transition, with a contact within 2 business days and a visit within 7 or 14 days ([Referrals & Care Coordination](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/referrals-and-care-coordination#care-management-programs)).
- **Two-midnight rule:** Medicare's benchmark that inpatient admission is generally appropriate when the physician expects care to cross two midnights ([Hospitals & Health Systems](https://www.syntaqx.com/books/health-tech/hospitals-and-health-systems#inpatient-ambulatory-and-hospital-at-home)).

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